Saturday, November 19, 2016
Rabbis in Our Family
Nadene Goldfoot
 |
| RASHI: Rabbi Solomon Yitzhaki, February 22, 1040- 13 July 1105 born in Troyes, France, studied in Rhineland |
 |
| Rabbi Samson Wertheimer 1658-1724 born in Worms, Germany, moved to Vienna, Austria. Samuel Oppenheimer was his uncle. |
Now I find that we are also connected to a Rabbi Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi who was also the Chief Rabbi of Worms, Germany.
"According to tradition, Rashi was first brought to learn Torah by his father on Shavuot day at the age of five. His father was his main Torah teacher until his death when Rashi was still a youth. At the age of 17 he married and soon after went to learn in the yeshiva of Rabbi Yaakov ben Yakar in Worms, returning to his wife three times yearly, for the Days of Awe, Passover and Shavuot. When Rabbi Yaakov died in 1064, Rashi continued learning in Worms for another year in the yeshiva of his relative, Rabbi Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi, who was also chief rabbi of Worms. Then he moved to Mainz, where he studied under another of his relatives, Rabbi Isaac ben Judah, the rabbinic head of Mainz and one of the leading sages of the Lorraine region straddling France and Germany.
Rashi's teachers were students of Rabbeinu Gershom and Rabbi Eliezer Hagadol, leading Talmudists of the previous generation. From his teachers, Rashi imbibed the oral traditions pertaining to the Talmud as they had been passed down for centuries, as well as an understanding of the Talmud's unique logic and form of argument. Rashi took concise, copious notes from what he learned in yeshiva, incorporating this material in his commentaries."
"Rashi had no sons, but his three daughters, Miriam, Yocheved, and Rachel, all married Talmudic scholars. Legends exist that Rashi's daughters wore tefillin. While some women in medieval Ashkenaz did wear tefillin, there is no evidence that Rashi's daughters did or did not do so.[20]
- 1. Rashi's oldest daughter, Yocheved, married Meir ben Samuel; their four sons were: Shmuel (Rashbam) (born 1080), Yitzchak (Rivam) (born 1090), Jacob (Rabbeinu Tam) (born 1100), and Shlomo the Grammarian, all of whom were among the most prolific of the Baalei Tosafot, leading rabbinic authorities who wrote critical and explanatory glosses on the Talmud which appear opposite Rashi's commentary on every page of the Talmud. Yocheved's daughter, Chanah, was a teacher of laws and customs relevant to women.
- 2. Rashi's middle daughter, Miriam, married Judah ben Nathan, who completed the commentary on the Talmud Makkotwhich Rashi was working on when he died.[21] Their daughter Alvina was a learned woman whose customs served as the basis for later halakhic decisions. Their son Yom Tov later moved to Paris and headed a yeshiva there, together with his brothers Shimshon and Eliezer.
- 3. Rashi's youngest daughter, Rachel, married (and divorced) Eliezer ben Shemiah."
Kalonymus Family:
Among the prominent members of the Kalonymus family in Italy and Germany were KALONYMUS OF LUCCA, a paytan, who lived in Italy probably in the ninth century; *MOSES BEN KALONYMUS, a paytan, who lived in Italy but who moved to Mainz, and influenced the earlypaytanim in Germany, especially *SIMEON BEN ISAAC; KALONYMUS BEN JUDAH HA-BAḤUR (the Younger), a paytan in Mainz at the end of the 11th century and the beginning of the 12th, who witnessed the persecutions of 1096 and who wrote of them in many liturgical poems; KALONYMUS BEN MOSES OF LUCCA, a talmudic scholar, halakhist, and author of many responsa, who probably also emigrated to Mainz; KALONYMUS BEN MESHULLAM HA-PARNAS, the leader of the Mainz community during the persecutions of 1096, who was martyred with his whole community; KALONYMUS BEN ISAAC HA-ZAKEN (the Elder), a communal leader and halakhist, and the founder of the branch of the Kalonymus family which most influenced German Jewry during the 12th and 13th centuries; his son *SAMUEL BEN KALONYMUS HE-ḤASID, the founder of the Ḥasidei Ashkenaz, author of a part of Sefer Ḥasidim and other works; Samuel's son,*JUDAH B. SAMUEL HE-ḤASID, who was the principal leader of the Ḥasidei Ashkenaz and the author of Sefer Ḥasidim. Other descendants of Kalonymus ha-Zaken were *JUDAH B. KALONYMUS B. MEIR OF SPEYER, author of the monumental talmudic lexicon,Seder Yiḥusei Tanna'im ve-Amora'im; and *JUDAH B. KALONYMUS B. MOSES OF MAINZ, a talmudic scholar and a poet, who was the father of *Eleazar of Worms. Eleazar's children were murdered by the crusaders, probably terminating his family line. The descendants of Judah b. Samuel he-Ḥasid, however, carried on for at least three more generations, giving rise to such scholars as MOSES ZALTMAN, son of Judah, who wrote a commentary on the Torah; *Eleazar b. Moses ha-Darshan, author of mystical and theological works; and MOSES B. ELEAZAR, great-grandson of Judah he-Ḥasid. KALONYMUS BEN GERSHON, a halakhist, also flourished in the 13th century. Among other paytanim of the Kalonymus family were *Meshullam ben Moses of the 11th century; MOSES BEN MESHULLAM OF LUCCA(probably the ninth century); KALONYMUS BEN MESHULLAM OF MAINZ, c. 1000; and notably *Meshullam b. Kalonymus of Rome of the tenth century, a paytan and halakhist who had contact with Gershom b. Judah, Me'or ha-Golah.
The name Kalonymus appears also among some families in Provence, where several great scholars and writers bear that name, for example the 13th-century writers Kalonymus ha-Nasi of Beaucaire and Kalonymus ben Kalonymus of Arles, author of Even Boḥan. However, it is not known whether the Provençal rabbis of this name were connected with the Italian-German family."
Resource: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_ben_Eliezer_Halevi Nothing yet written.
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_10655.html Kalonymus Jewish family-Italy and then Germany and I'm supposed to be related to them-have Italian genes.
Labels: dna, kalonymus family, Kalonymus Jewish family, King David, matches, Rabbi Isaac of Worms, Rabbi Wertheimer, Rashi, Rome
Direct Connections to Rabbi Samson Wertheimer From Family Tree
 |
| Rabbi Samuel Oppenheimer, the uncle |
 |
| Rabbi Samson Wertheimer |
 |
| Emperor Leopold I 1640-1705 of Germany |
In 1697, Oppenheimer was accused of the unthinkable; conspiring to murder his rival, Uncle Samson Wertheimer, so he was imprisoned until vindicated. He was a man who liberally supported the poor Jewish scholars, and also Judah Hasid's movement to settle in Palestine.
We have Oppenheim on our tree, but also know that we are connected to Rabbi Samson Wertheimer by DNA testing using triangulation of other matches. Our surname in Telsiai, Lithuania was Goldfus.
Descendants of Sender Opengeim Oppenheim
1 Sender Opengeim Oppenheim b: Abt. 1814 in Telsiai, Telsiai, Kaunas, Lithuania
. 2 Yontav ben Sekor OPPENHEIM b: 1839 in Telsiai, Kaunas, Lithuania
..... +Gutta Golda bat Nochem GOLDFUS b: 1839 in Telsiai, Kaunas, Lithuania
..... 3 Khaim Nokhum OPPENHEIM b: September 12, 1875 in Telsiai, Telsiai, Kaunas, Lithuania
. 2 Iosif OPPENHEIM b: Abt. 1841
..... +Guta
..... 3 Mikhail Itsyk Opengeim OPPENHEIM b: July 09, 1877
. 2 Shaia OPPENHEIM b: Abt. 1843
..... +Zlate Pere
..... 3 Zelman OPPENHEIM b: July 23, 1878
. 2 Leib OPPENHEIM b: Abt. 1845
..... +Rokhel b: Abt. 1845
..... 3 Liba Tsivia OPPENHEIM b: September 06, 1897 in Telsiai, Telsiai, Kaunas, Lithuania
On Family Tree DNA's familyfinder test (autosomal) , I found I share segments from our 23 chromosomes with: Oppenheim on our tree shown above but have no Wertheimers on my tree as yet.
Familyfinder test: that I am connected to 3 Oppenheims and one Oppenheimer.
..... that I am connected to 4 Wertheimers
Familyfinder Test of my brother: 1 Oppenheim and 1 Oppenheimer, different from my matches
..... of my brother: 1 Wertheimer- I match and 1 Wertheimer I don't match.
Familyfinder Test of our 1st cousin-daughter of our father's sister: 4 Oppenheim-(2 matching mine, 1 matching my brother's, and 1 Oppenheimer not matching ours).
.....of my 1st cousin: 6 Wertheimers-(1 I match, same 2 that David matches,)
There was a Rabbi David Oppenheim (or Oppenheimer) b: 1664 d: 1736, nephew of Samuel Oppenheimer.
He was born in Worms, Germany and served as rabbi in Nikelsburg, and from 1702, in Prague. He built up a library of books and expended enormous sums on their acquisition, but, because of the censorship in Prague, kept them in Hanover, Germany. The Bodleian Library Oxford purchased his collection in 1829, and it served as the basis of its Hebrew sections.
There are many descendants of these Oppenheims, Oppenheimers and Wertheimers. One way to check if they are related is through their Y haplogroup (male line).
I found some of our Oppenheim/Oppenheimers' Y haplogroups were : J, or R's
Some of the Wertheimers were J or E's. Not all had been tested.
Labels: autosomal testing, dna, Emperor Leopold I, Germany, Halpern & Branches, Oppenheim, Oppenheimer, Rabbi Samson Wertheimer, Wertheim, Wertheimer, Woms
Saturday, November 12, 2016
Ashkenazi Surnames: How We Got Them--Goldfus/Goldfoot; Jermulowske
Nadene Goldfoot
We started off being known by our first name and then our father's given name, like Nathan ben Moses (Nathan, the son of Moses).
For Goldfoot (anglicized when ancestor Nathan Goldfus moved to England, this is a German surname. Germans had surnames way before Lithuania and Poland had to take surnames, so they must have moved northward with this surname. Goldfoot carries the Q1b1a or QBZ67 haplogroup.
I say this because our male Goldfoot's DNA test showed that we are connected to Rabbi Wertheimer (1658-1724). He was born in Worms, Germany, then went to Vienna in 1684 to join the bank of his uncle, Samuel Oppenheimer and soon became the court banker. In 1719 he became chief rabbi of Hungary. By 1700, there were only about 1 million Jews in the world. A Wertheimer we are connected to carries J-M172 haplogroup, a Cohen.
Ashkenazi Jews had to take surnames when the government they lived under required it.
Austrian Empire...(1787)
Russian Pale (1804)-enforced by 1835-1845.
Russian Poland ...(1821)
West Galicia...(1805)
France...(1808)
German states from Frankfurt...(1807) This may have been when Goldfus was created by our family. However, I have found Goldfus on jewishgen and traced people back to 1730 in Telsiai, Lithuania with Iones "Jonah" Goldfus.
to Saxony...(1834)
Sephardic surnames were often based on lineage
Cohen: named for Aaron, brother of Moses's position as high priest (Cohen, Levite, Israel)
Tzedek; highly intelligent, well educated, genious
Shaliach, the person that sends you to Israel, makes the arrangements
Tzibbur, the person who leads the synagogue congregation in prayers.
Son of in Arabic, as many lived in Arabic countries, were
ben-Hebrew, ibn- or aben is Arabic, bar-Aramaic or U or Wa (Berber)
Ben Malka, Ben Shaltiel, Ibn Malka, Ibn Shaprut, Malka Bar Aha (Gaon of Pumbadita in 771-775), Shimon Bar Kokhba (135 CE), Uhayun (Ohayon).
Ibn Ezra family claims tracing their origin to Ezra the Scribe of 5th century BCE, a Cohen, from priestly family of Zadok who after Saul's death, went to David at Hebron and along with Abiathar, was David's chief priest. King David lived from1010 BCE to 970 BCE. Abiathar was the son of Ahimelech, chief priest at Nob who was with David when they had to escape a massacre with his family by Saul.
Slavic suffixes are: --owicz
--ovitch
--off
--kin
Germanic suffix --son ; Mendelsohn=son of Mendel
Abramowitz= son of Abram
First names could become surnames:
Mordechai =Marx is the Germanized form
Mark=Markus, Marcuse
Geography influenced surnames
Slavic suffix=ski...(from the place of) Warshawski-one from Warsaw Our grandmother, Zlata Jermulowske, had her surname also spelled ask Jermulowski, and she was also born in Lazdijai, Lithuania which was taken over by Poland. So she was from Jermulow ??? I cannot find such a place. Could it have had something to do with Germany? Today I found many people with this surname spelled with cz endings, and in various ways. Only her brothers and herself had spelled it exactly this way.
Trier (Treves) Germany: Treves, Trefus, Trevis, Trivash, Tribass, Trefouse, and Dryfus (descended from RASHI from 1040 to 1105). The great great great grandson of Rashi was Rabbi Joseph treves of Marseilles in 14th century.
Troki, Russia=Troki.
Touque, France=Tuch, Tuchmann, Tuchner, Tuck, Tucker
Wertheim, Baden, Germany=Wertheimer, Wertheim, Wertheimber in Austria, Hungary, England, USA. A tree was found starting in 1588. Baden-Baden is a spa town, located in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. It lies at the northwestern border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, just 10 km (6 mi) east of the Rhine, the border line to France, and about 40 km (25 mi) north-east of Strasbourg, France.
German suffix=er...Berliner-one from Berlin; Wilner-one from Vilna
Vocations influenced the choice of a surname:
Polish/Yiddish=Reznik, a Shochet (Hebrew word) or butcher
German/Yiddish=Shnyder
Polish/Ukrainian= Kravits
Russian=Portnoy, a tailor
A person's personal characteristics marked some for a surname
Schwarts=black
Weiss =white
Klein=small
Ornamental things could be selected.
---berg, Rosenberg=mountain of roses
---stein, Finkelstein=glittering stone
---feld, Rosenfeld,
language alphabets make different sounds causing transliteration problems
Yiddish H=Russian G
Polish/German W=English V
Before 1800, very few Jewish people had surnames. Rabbinical families did such as:
Rapaport, Auerbach, Katzenellenbogen and Horowitz. By 1800, there were about 2.5 million Jews in the world.
Frankfurt/Main and Prague's Jewish houses might have signs with animals in front, so names came from the signs:
Rothchild=red shield
Adler=eagle
Gans, Ganz=goose
Hahn=rooster
Lamm=lamb
Ridskopf=cow head
Jewels became surnames:
Diamond=Diamant (bearer was in diamond trade)
Wine=Wein
Resource: DNA Tradition by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman
Fnding Our Fathers by Dan Rottenberg
 |
| Aaron (c.1392-1270 BCE) , brother of Moses, first high priest with sons, grandsons, etc, following as high priests.(Cohen). DNA is J1, and forms of this, such as J-M172, J-M267; J-P58 haplogroup. |
For Goldfoot (anglicized when ancestor Nathan Goldfus moved to England, this is a German surname. Germans had surnames way before Lithuania and Poland had to take surnames, so they must have moved northward with this surname. Goldfoot carries the Q1b1a or QBZ67 haplogroup.
I say this because our male Goldfoot's DNA test showed that we are connected to Rabbi Wertheimer (1658-1724). He was born in Worms, Germany, then went to Vienna in 1684 to join the bank of his uncle, Samuel Oppenheimer and soon became the court banker. In 1719 he became chief rabbi of Hungary. By 1700, there were only about 1 million Jews in the world. A Wertheimer we are connected to carries J-M172 haplogroup, a Cohen.
Ashkenazi Jews had to take surnames when the government they lived under required it.
Austrian Empire...(1787)
Russian Pale (1804)-enforced by 1835-1845.
Russian Poland ...(1821)
West Galicia...(1805)
France...(1808)
German states from Frankfurt...(1807) This may have been when Goldfus was created by our family. However, I have found Goldfus on jewishgen and traced people back to 1730 in Telsiai, Lithuania with Iones "Jonah" Goldfus.
to Saxony...(1834)
Sephardic surnames were often based on lineage
Cohen: named for Aaron, brother of Moses's position as high priest (Cohen, Levite, Israel)
Tzedek; highly intelligent, well educated, genious
Shaliach, the person that sends you to Israel, makes the arrangements
Tzibbur, the person who leads the synagogue congregation in prayers.
Son of in Arabic, as many lived in Arabic countries, were
ben-Hebrew, ibn- or aben is Arabic, bar-Aramaic or U or Wa (Berber)
Ben Malka, Ben Shaltiel, Ibn Malka, Ibn Shaprut, Malka Bar Aha (Gaon of Pumbadita in 771-775), Shimon Bar Kokhba (135 CE), Uhayun (Ohayon).
Ibn Ezra family claims tracing their origin to Ezra the Scribe of 5th century BCE, a Cohen, from priestly family of Zadok who after Saul's death, went to David at Hebron and along with Abiathar, was David's chief priest. King David lived from1010 BCE to 970 BCE. Abiathar was the son of Ahimelech, chief priest at Nob who was with David when they had to escape a massacre with his family by Saul.
Slavic suffixes are: --owicz
--ovitch
--off
--kin
Germanic suffix --son ; Mendelsohn=son of Mendel
Abramowitz= son of Abram
First names could become surnames:
Mordechai =Marx is the Germanized form
Mark=Markus, Marcuse
Geography influenced surnames
Slavic suffix=ski...(from the place of) Warshawski-one from Warsaw Our grandmother, Zlata Jermulowske, had her surname also spelled ask Jermulowski, and she was also born in Lazdijai, Lithuania which was taken over by Poland. So she was from Jermulow ??? I cannot find such a place. Could it have had something to do with Germany? Today I found many people with this surname spelled with cz endings, and in various ways. Only her brothers and herself had spelled it exactly this way.
Trier (Treves) Germany: Treves, Trefus, Trevis, Trivash, Tribass, Trefouse, and Dryfus (descended from RASHI from 1040 to 1105). The great great great grandson of Rashi was Rabbi Joseph treves of Marseilles in 14th century.
Troki, Russia=Troki.
Touque, France=Tuch, Tuchmann, Tuchner, Tuck, Tucker
Wertheim, Baden, Germany=Wertheimer, Wertheim, Wertheimber in Austria, Hungary, England, USA. A tree was found starting in 1588. Baden-Baden is a spa town, located in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. It lies at the northwestern border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, just 10 km (6 mi) east of the Rhine, the border line to France, and about 40 km (25 mi) north-east of Strasbourg, France.
German suffix=er...Berliner-one from Berlin; Wilner-one from Vilna
Vocations influenced the choice of a surname:
Polish/Yiddish=Reznik, a Shochet (Hebrew word) or butcher
German/Yiddish=Shnyder
Polish/Ukrainian= Kravits
Russian=Portnoy, a tailor
A person's personal characteristics marked some for a surname
Schwarts=black
Weiss =white
Klein=small
Ornamental things could be selected.
---berg, Rosenberg=mountain of roses
---stein, Finkelstein=glittering stone
---feld, Rosenfeld,
language alphabets make different sounds causing transliteration problems
Yiddish H=Russian G
Polish/German W=English V
Before 1800, very few Jewish people had surnames. Rabbinical families did such as:
Rapaport, Auerbach, Katzenellenbogen and Horowitz. By 1800, there were about 2.5 million Jews in the world.
Frankfurt/Main and Prague's Jewish houses might have signs with animals in front, so names came from the signs:
Rothchild=red shield
Adler=eagle
Gans, Ganz=goose
Hahn=rooster
Lamm=lamb
Ridskopf=cow head
Jewels became surnames:
Diamond=Diamant (bearer was in diamond trade)
Wine=Wein
Resource: DNA Tradition by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman
Fnding Our Fathers by Dan Rottenberg
Labels: history of surnames for Jews; Goldfus, Jermulowske
